Protecting fish and tourism
But high-quality tea and produce are insufficient in themselves to revive Pinglin’s fortunes. Tourism is another important part of the puzzle. Located in the mountains, with little available land to develop, what has Pinglin done to attract tourists?
“Our biggest assets are these two creeks,” says Hua of Beishi Creek and its tributary Jingualiao, which cut through Pinglin. Residents had long caught fish and shrimp in the creeks. As early as 1999 the Pinglin Township Office began to push the idea of setting aside the creeks as protected areas for fish. After the Xueshan Tunnel was built, the community came together to protect the creeks’ wildlife, and local residents, who used to love to fish in them, became members of creek protection teams, riding their bicycles along the banks. Familiar with the environment and the attitudes of fishermen, they were very effective.
The community also organized clean-up squads. Now there is almost no litter to be found along ten-some kilometers of creek banks in Pinglin.
The town established fish viewing paths at a short distance from the water, giving visitors a chance to behold the multitudes of fish. According to research conducted by the Taipei Zoo, there are more than 50 fish in every cubic meter of creek water here. The efforts to protect the fish have been nothing short of a smashing success.
The wildlife protection efforts expanded beyond the creeks to all of Pinglin. On late spring and early summer evenings, the tea plantations and hiking trails are full of fireflies. And the success of the fish protection efforts has naturally brought water birds. The flora too has rebounded with lush diversity. A veritable feast for the eyes is now provided to eco-travelers.
Creating a low-carbon community
In creating ecotourism the cooperation of locals is paramount. Altogether there have been three keys to Pinglin’s success in this regard.
First of all, there is the principle of minimizing development in the water resources zone so that the area has the outstanding natural conditions necessary for ecotourism. With the imposed legal restrictions, locals had no real choice on this score: their cooperation was mandatory. Secondly, since tea farming households in Pinglin account for 80% of the population and the quality of tea is closely tied to environmental factors, protecting the environment was tantamount to protecting their livelihood. Finally, with the crisis posed by falling agricultural production, villagers had a strong sense of solidarity and were willing to work hard for collective goals.
In order to further improve the cleanliness and serenity of the area, the community worked with the district office to foster a low-carbon community, bringing energy saving technology to the community. It has the nation’s first carbon-neutral temple. With solar electricity generation and highly efficient lighting, the temple, which serves as both a home for the deities and a community activity center, is shrinking carbon footprints and saving energy. A tea farmer donated land for installing environmentally friendly toilets. They feature a design that uses natural light and ventilation, as well as solar-generated LED lighting.
Along the banks of the creeks are 22 kilometers of bicycle trails. A traveler need only breathe in the pristine Pinglin air to sense the cares of city living melting away as mind and body are cleansed.
“Planting tea is low-carbon to begin with.” The old tea farmers are proud to belong to a low-carbon community. Eco-friendly behavior has permeated the life of the community. The public restrooms have LED lights, and restaurants are gradually phasing out the use of disposable plates and cutlery. Carbon emissions are on a steady downward trend. The town has regained its old vigor and then some.
Not a way station, a destination
In 2007, the year after the Xueshan Tunnel was opened to traffic, a total of 33,000 tourists visited Pinglin. After promoting low-carbon ecotourism and restricting fishing in the creeks, the number of tourists grew to 230,000 last year, a seven-fold increase. From a rest stop on a journey, Pinglin has become a destination.
Although the town rebounded from the opening of the Xueshan Tunnel to find a new tourism niche, Pinglin is still facing challenges. “In 15 years, Wenshan baozhong tea may well disappear,” says Hua Yunxiong with an air of resignation. The town is still suffering from a serious exodus of young people. In his village of Dalin, half the people are elderly. There are quite a few folks in their eighties still planting tea. “When the older generation passes away, if their children and grandchildren don’t return, then the houses will just stand empty.” Hua points to a house nearby with its front door open. It’s one of a growing number of vacant houses here. Collectively, they bear witness to a decline in the numbers of farmers planting baozhong tea.
The community is working with universities and researchers in the hope that the skills involved in the growing and processing of tea can be passed down. At the same time they hope that the tourism wave will bring young people back to Pinglin.
Walk around Pinglin and experience for yourself its fragrant tea, fresh air and pristine water. Exchange some pleasantries with the old people along the roadside. Body, mind and soul will all benefit.